Kalama

Kalama is the Ithatian name given in the early first century before Salmakhamer to the pre-Midretassene civilization of Corundy. The civilization according to Kalaman records began shortly after the Flood of Aturyanda and persisted with many changes and revolutions until the immigration of the Midringir Tribes, 1100 AS to 475 AS at the end of which Kalaman had ceased to exist as a distinct and sovereign civilization.

Extent of Kalaman Empire during the Surizhah Kingdom around 2500 AS

History

Kalaman History is immense, reaching back to the Flood of Aturyanda. The millennia before the time of chaos which include periods before about 6100 AS is highly suspect among scholars as largely semi-legendary. Scholars consider most written history of Kalama from 6100 AS which is the beginning of the city-state period towards the present to contain many credible facts, including dynasties, rulers, and cultural history. The dynasties from this time on are grouped into six successive kingdoms: the Gahashpujani Kingdom, the Pandhauzhi Kingdom, the Neibhu-Yona Kingdom, the Surizhah Kingdom, the Tamukh Kingdom, and the Jatha-Nebir Kingdom. After the Jatha-Nebir Kingdom, there is the transitional period of the Midringir Settlement of Kalama and the end of classical Kalaman civilization.

Hills of Ancient Kalama

Divinities

Jathya-Dhumi Triad

• Brabda the Creator
• Shakla the Destroyer
• Lantra the Preserver (Transformer, The Deliverer)

Dramegginite Pantheon

• Vahmu: God of Creation, patron god of city of Kathyasundi.
• Thulya: Sun Goddess and solar gods
• Atur: God of Snow and Ice (Compare Thwar)
• Hesukh {Hesog, Hesug, Sug}: God of Hidden Waters, father of sea gods and earthquakes
• Taswa: God of Night-time Dreams
• Mahada (Maghadha): Mother Earth goddess, mother of father of merchant god
• Onekhyá: God of War, older brother to Nazirak
• Zhaddhin: Lazy godling son who lives with earth mother goddess, father of merchant god, also father of illegitimate son who is god of thieves
• Zokesh: Merchant God Father
• Bambashra: God of Sailing and sea ships
• Razug: God of Thieves, illegitimate son of Zhaddhin
• Shihir: daughter, goddess of fishermen
• Kaina: goddess of Starmoon
• Blue Bull of Kalama, mount of Zokesh
• Silver Elephant of Kalama, mount of Atur

Kalaman Geography

Place-Names

• -aphuna: lake
• -hirathu: river
• -oksha: city, city of
• -ttha: sea

Kalaman Geographic Proper Names

• Bakyahumya: Thyria
• Bhimalaphuna: Lake Vimal
• Baughurah: Adamantine Mountains
• Dhamalya: Deliops
• Dhamat, Dhamat-hirathu: Thybdis, Thybdis River
• Goshamya, Goshamihirathu: Shadew, Shadevan River
• Jakubya: Throvy
• Jalukhrá: Shelekhumbia
• Kaspatya: Ebinóë, Ebinóëse Highlands
• Kimbugottha: Jaggudorns
• Kshandiguha: Corundy
• Maulaskaya: Shadevan Delta
• Pamubharttha: Memnosian Sea
• Prakruthyattha: Pallathantic Sea
• Saumakya: Thykomos
• Sayatha: Pytharnia
• Tawaddha: Desthor

Six Castes of Ancient Kalama

• Priest Caste (includes kings and magi)
• Landowner Caste (Aristocrats)
• Warrior Caste
• Scribal Caste (includes wizards)
• Crafters Caste
• Farmer Caste

Cultural Legacy of Kalama

• Astronomy
• Architecture
• Civil Engineering
• Engineering
• Hirgunya Script
• Historical Records
• Kalaman Literature
• Music
• Religion

Primary Sources

• Aturyandakumi
• Jairutthalakumi, Samptarah ahwa Kamaddhu, ca 4700 AS
• Shayarin Zhampha, ca 3500 AS

Secondary Sources

• Kalamantica, Orkybanthinantis of Addinoro, ~600

See Also

• Aturyanda
• Corundy
• Flood of Aturyanda
• Jairutthalese Empire
• Kalaman Language
• Kalamantica
• Kalamantizing Philosophers
• List of Rulers and Dynasties of Kalama
• Zhampha