Kalama is the Ithatian name given in the early first century before Salmakhamer to the pre-Midretassene civilization of Corundy. The civilization according to Kalaman records began shortly after the Flood of Aturyanda and persisted with many changes and revolutions until the immigration of the Midringir Tribes, 1100 AS to 475 AS at the end of which Kalaman had ceased to exist as a distinct and sovereign civilization.

Extent of Kalaman Empire during the Surizhah Kingdom around 2500 AS

History

Kalaman History is immense, reaching back to the Flood of Aturyanda. The millennia before the time of chaos which include periods before about 6100 AS is highly suspect among scholars as largely semi-legendary. Scholars consider most written history of Kalama from 6100 AS which is the beginning of the city-state period towards the present to contain many credible facts, including dynasties, rulers, and cultural history. The dynasties from this time on are grouped into six successive kingdoms: the Gahashpujani Kingdom, the Pandhauzhi Kingdom, the Neibhu-Yona Kingdom, the Surizhah Kingdom, the Tamukh Kingdom, and the Jatha-Nebir Kingdom. After the Jatha-Nebir Kingdom, there is the transitional period of the Midringir Settlement of Kalama and the end of classical Kalaman civilization.

Hills of Ancient Kalama

Divinities

Jathya-Dhumi Triad

Brabda the Creator
Shakla the Destroyer
Lantra the Preserver (Transformer, The Deliverer)

Dramegginite Pantheon

Vahmu: God of Creation, patron god of city of Kathyasundi.
Thulya: Sun Goddess and solar gods
Atur: God of Snow and Ice (Compare Thwar)
Hesukh {Hesog, Hesug, Sug}: God of Hidden Waters, father of sea gods and earthquakes
Taswa: God of Night-time Dreams
Mahada (Maghadha): Mother Earth goddess, mother of father of merchant god
Onekhyá: God of War, older brother to Nazirak
Zhaddhin: Lazy godling son who lives with earth mother goddess, father of merchant god, also father of illegitimate son who is god of thieves
Zokesh: Merchant God Father
Bambashra: God of Sailing and sea ships
Razug: God of Thieves, illegitimate son of Zhaddhin
Shihir: daughter, goddess of fishermen
Kaina: goddess of Starmoon
Blue Bull of Kalama, mount of Zokesh
Silver Elephant of Kalama, mount of Atur

Kalaman Geography

Place-Names

-aphuna: lake
-hirathu: river
-oksha: city, city of
-ttha: sea

Kalaman Geographic Proper Names

Bakyahumya: Thyria
Bhimalaphuna: Lake Vimal
Baughurah: Adamantine Mountains
Dhamalya: Deliops
Dhamat, Dhamat-hirathu: Thybdis, Thybdis River
Goshamya, Goshamihirathu: Shadew, Shadevan River
Jakubya: Throvy
Jalukhrá: Shelekhumbia
Kaspatya: Ebinóë, Ebinóëse Highlands
Kimbugottha: Jaggudorns
Kshandiguha: Corundy
Maulaskaya: Shadevan Delta
Pamubharttha: Memnosian Sea
Prakruthyattha: Pallathantic Sea
Saumakya: Thykomos
Sayatha: Pytharnia
Tawaddha: Desthor

Six Castes of Ancient Kalama

Priest Caste (includes kings and magi)
Landowner Caste (Aristocrats)
Warrior Caste
Scribal Caste (includes wizards)
Crafters Caste
Farmer Caste

Cultural Legacy of Kalama

Astronomy
Architecture
Civil Engineering
Engineering
Hirgunya Script
Historical Records
Kalaman Literature
Music
Religion

Primary Sources

Aturyandakumi
Jairutthalakumi, Samptarah ahwa Kamaddhu, ca 4700 AS
Shayarin Zhampha, ca 3500 AS

Secondary Sources

Kalamantica, Orkybanthinantis of Addinoro, ~600

Kalama

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